Ukusebenzisa i-imeyili elahlwayo kumapayipi e-CI / CD (GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, CircleCI)
Ukufinyelela okusheshayo
Izinto ezibalulekile zamaqembu e-DevOps amatasa
Yenza i-imeyili ye-CI / CD iphephile
Hlela isu lebhokisi lokungenayo elihlanzekile
I-imeyili yesikhashana socingo ku-GitHub Izenzo
I-Wire Temp Mail ku-GitLab CI / CD
I-Wire Temp Mail ku-CircleCI
Nciphisa ubungozi kumapayipi wokuhlola
Linganisa futhi ulungelelanise ukuhlolwa kwe-imeyili
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Imithombo kanye nokufundwa okwengeziwe
Umugqa ongezansi
Izinto ezibalulekile zamaqembu e-DevOps amatasa
Uma izivivinyo zakho ze-CI / CD zincike kuma-imeyili, udinga isu lebhokisi lokungenayo elihleliwe, elilahlwayo; Ngaphandle kwalokho, ekugcineni uzothumela izimbungulu, izimfihlo zokuvuza, noma kokubili.
- Amapayipi e-CI / CD avame ukuhlangabezana nokugeleza kwe-imeyili, njengokubhalisa, i-OTP, ukusetha kabusha iphasiwedi, kanye nezaziso zokukhokha, ezingakwazi ukuhlolwa ngokuthembekile ngamabhokisi okungenayo abantu abiwe.
- Isu elihlanzekile lebhokisi lokungenayo elilahlwayo libalahla umjikelezo wempilo yebhokisi lokungenayo kumjikelezo wokuphila kwepayipi, ukugcina izivivinyo zicacile ngenkathi kuvikela abasebenzisi bangempela namabhokisi eposi abasebenzi.
- I-GitHub Actions, i-GitLab CI, ne-CircleCI konke kungakhiqiza, kudlule, futhi kudle amakheli e-imeyili wesikhashana njengezinto eziguquguqukayo zemvelo noma imiphumela yomsebenzi.
- Ukuphepha kuvela emithethweni eqinile: awekho ama-OTP noma amathokheni ebhokisi lokungenayo angene ngemvume, ukugcinwa kufushane, futhi amabhokisi okungenayo asetshenziswe kabusha avunyelwe kuphela lapho iphrofayili yobungozi ikuvumela.
- Ngezinsimbi eziyisisekelo, ungalandelela isikhathi sokulethwa kwe-OTP, amaphethini okwehluleka, nezinkinga zomhlinzeki, okwenza izivivinyo ezisuselwa ku-imeyili zilinganiswe futhi zibikezelwe.
Yenza i-imeyili ye-CI / CD iphephile
I-imeyili ingenye yezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zokuhlolwa kokuphela kokuphela, futhi i-CI / CD ikhulisa zonke izinkinga zebhokisi lokungenayo ozishaya indiva esiteji.
Lapho i-imeyili ivela khona ekuhlolweni okuzenzakalelayo
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zanamuhla zithumela okungenani ama-imeyili ambalwa okuthengiselana ngesikhathi sohambo olujwayelekile lomsebenzisi. Izivivinyo zakho ezizenzakalelayo kumapayipi e-CI / CD ngokuvamile zidinga ukudlula ekugelezeni okuhlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukubhaliswa kwe-akhawunti, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-OTP noma isixhumanisi somlingo, ukusetha kabusha iphasiwedi, ukuqinisekiswa kokushintsha ikheli le-imeyili, izaziso zokukhokha, kanye nezixwayiso zokusetshenziswa.
Konke lokhu kugeleza kuncike emandleni okuthola umyalezo ngokushesha, ukuhlaziya ithokheni noma isixhumanisi, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi isenzo esifanele senzekile. Imihlahlandlela efana ne- 'Complete Guide to Using Temporary Email for OTP Verification' ikhombisa ukubaluleka okukhulu kwalesi sinyathelo kubasebenzisi bangempela, futhi okufanayo kusebenza kubasebenzisi bakho bokuhlola ngaphakathi kwe-CI / CD.
Kungani amabhokisi eposi wangempela engalingani ku-QA
Ngezinga elincane, amaqembu avame ukwenza izivivinyo ebhokisini lokungenayo le-Gmail noma le-Outlook futhi alihlanze ngesandla ngezikhathi ezithile. Leyo ndlela iphuka ngokushesha nje lapho unemisebenzi efanayo, izindawo eziningi, noma ukuthunyelwa njalo.
Amabhokisi okungenayo abiwe agcwalisa ngokushesha umsindo, ugaxekile, nemilayezo yokuhlola ephindwe kabili. Imikhawulo yesilinganiso iyakhahlela. Onjiniyela bachitha isikhathi esiningi bemba amafolda kunokufunda izingodo zokuhlola. Okubi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa ngephutha ibhokisi leposi lesisebenzi sangempela, elixuba idatha yokuhlola nokuxhumana komuntu siqu futhi lakha iphupho elibi lokuhlolwa.
Ngokombono wengozi, ukusebenzisa amabhokisi eposi wangempela wokuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo kuyinselele ukuthethelela lapho i-imeyili elahlwayo namabhokisi okungenayo wesikhashana etholakala. Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthi i-imeyili ne-imeyili yesikhashana isebenza kanjani yenza kucace ukuthi ungahlukanisa ithrafikhi yokuhlola ekuxhumaneni okuthembekile ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuthembeka.
Amabhokisi okungenayo alahlwayo angena kanjani ku-CI / CD
Umqondo oyinhloko ulula: i-CI / CD ngayinye noma i-suite yokuhlola ithola ikheli layo elilahlwayo, eliboshelwe kuphela kubasebenzisi bokwenziwa kanye nedatha yesikhashana. Uhlelo lokusebenza olungaphansi kokuhlolwa luthumela ama-OTP, izixhumanisi zokuqinisekisa, nezaziso kulelo kheli. Ipayipi lakho lilanda okuqukethwe kwe-imeyili nge-API noma isiphetho esilula se-HTTP, sikhipha lokho esikudingayo, bese sikhohlwa ibhokisi lokungenayo.
Uma uthatha iphethini ehleliwe, uthola izivivinyo ze-deterministic ngaphandle kokungcolisa amabhokisi eposi wangempela. Umhlahlandlela wamasu wamakheli e-imeyili wesikhashana eminyakeni ye-AI ukhombisa ukuthi abathuthukisi sebevele bathembele kanjani kumakheli alahlwayo ekuhloleni; I-CI / CD isandiso semvelo salo mbono.
Hlela isu lebhokisi lokungenayo elihlanzekile
Ngaphambi kokuthinta i-YAML, nquma ukuthi mangaki amabhokisi okungenayo owadingayo, ahlala isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi yiziphi izingozi owenqaba ukuzamukela.
I-Per-Build vs Amabhokisi Okungenayo Okuhlolwa Okwabiwe
Kunezindlela ezimbili ezivamile. Ngephethini yokwakhiwa ngakunye, ukubulawa kwepayipi ngalinye kukhiqiza ikheli elisha sha. Lokhu kunikeza ukuhlukaniswa okuphelele: awekho ama-imeyili amadala okuhlunga, azikho izimo zomjaho phakathi kokugijima ngasikhathi sinye, kanye nemodeli yengqondo eqondakala kalula. Okubi ukuthi kufanele ukhiqize futhi udlulise ibhokisi lokungenayo elisha ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ukulungisa iphutha ngemuva kokuphela kwebhokisi lokungenayo kungaba nzima kakhulu.
Kwiphethini yebhokisi lokungenayo okwabiwe, wabela ikheli elilodwa elahlwayo ngegatsha ngalinye, imvelo, noma i-suite yokuhlola. Ikheli eliqondile lisetshenziswe kabusha kuwo wonke ama-runs, okwenza i-debugging ibe lula futhi isebenze kahle ekuhlolweni kwezaziso ezingabucayi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ugcine ibhokisi leposi ngaphansi kokulawulwa okuqinile ukuze lingabi yindawo yokulahla indawo yesikhathi eside.
Imephu Amabhokisi Okungenayo Ukuhlola Izimo
Cabanga ngesabelo sakho sebhokisi lokungenayo njengomklamo wedatha yokuhlola. Ikheli elilodwa linganikezelwa ekubhalisweni kwe-akhawunti, elinye ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwephasiwedi, kanti elwesithathu kwizaziso. Ezindaweni eziqashisayo eziningi noma ezisuselwa esifundeni, ungathatha isinyathelo esithe xaxa bese unikeze ibhokisi lokungenayo ngomqashi ngamunye noma esifundeni ngasinye ukuze ubambe ukuqhuma kokucushwa.
Sebenzisa izivumelwano zokuqamba amagama ezifaka ikhodi yesimo nemvelo, njenge-signup-us-east-@example-temp.com noma i-password-reset-staging-@example-temp.com. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukulandelela ukwehluleka emuva ezivivinyweni ezithile uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.
Ukukhetha umhlinzeki we-imeyili olahlwayo we-CI/CD
Ukuhlolwa kwe-imeyili ye-CI / CD kudinga izakhiwo ezihluke kancane kunokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kokulahla. Ukulethwa okusheshayo kwe-OTP, ingqalasizinda ye-MX ezinzile, nokulethwa okuphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu kunama-UI amahle. Izindatshana ezichaza ukuthi ukujikeleza kwesizinda kuthuthukisa kanjani ukuthembeka kwe-OTP kukhombisa ukuthi kungani ingqalasizinda enhle engenayo ingenza noma iphule i-automation yakho.
Ufuna futhi okuzenzakalelayo kobumfihlo, njengamabhokisi okungenayo okuthola kuphela, amawindi amafushane okugcina, futhi akukho ukusekelwa kokunamathiselwe ongakudingi ekuhlolweni. Uma umhlinzeki wakho enikeza ukululama okususelwa kumathokheni amabhokisi okungenayo asetshenziswe kabusha, phatha lawo mathokheni njengezimfihlo. Ekugelezeni okuningi kwe-CI / CD, i-web elula noma i-API endpoint ebuyisela imilayezo yakamuva kwanele.
I-imeyili yesikhashana socingo ku-GitHub Izenzo
Izenzo zeGitHub zenza kube lula ukwengeza izinyathelo zangaphambilini ezidala amabhokisi okungenayo alahlwayo futhi uwadle ekuhlolweni kokuhlanganiswa njengezinto eziguquguqukayo zemvelo.
Iphethini: Khiqiza ibhokisi lokungenayo ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yokuhlola
Ukuhamba komsebenzi okujwayelekile kuqala ngomsebenzi ongasindi obiza iskripthi noma iphuzu lokugcina ukudala ikheli elisha le-imeyili lesikhashana. Lowo msebenzi uthumela ikheli njengento eguquguqukayo yokukhipha noma ulibhale ku-artifact. Imisebenzi elandelayo ekuhambeni komsebenzi ifunda inani bese iyisebenzisa ekulungiseleleni uhlelo lokusebenza noma ikhodi yokuhlola.
Uma ithimba lakho lisha kumakheli e-imeyili wesikhashana, qala uhambe ngokugeleza kwesandla usebenzisa indlela yokuqalisa okusheshayo ukuze uthole ikheli le-imeyili lesikhashana. Lapho wonke umuntu eqonda ukuthi ibhokisi lokungenayo livela kanjani nokuthi imilayezo ifika kanjani, ukuyizenzakalela ku-GitHub Actions kuba yinto engaqondakali kakhulu.
Ukusebenzisa ama-imeyili okuqinisekisa ezinyathelweni zokuhlola
Ngaphakathi komsebenzi wakho wokuhlola, uhlelo lokusebenza olungaphansi kokuhlolwa lulungiselelwe ukuthumela ama-imeyili ekhelini elikhiqiziwe. Ikhodi yakho yokuhlola bese ihlola ibhokisi lokungenayo elilahlwayo kuze kube yilapho ibona umugqa wesihloko ofanele, ihlaziya umzimba we-imeyili we-OTP noma isixhumanisi sokuqinisekisa, futhi isebenzise lelo nani ukuqedela ukugeleza.
Sebenzisa njalo isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi futhi ucacise imiyalezo yephutha. Uma i-OTP ingafiki ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuhlolwa kufanele kwehluleke ngomlayezo okusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi inkinga ingumhlinzeki wakho, uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, noma ipayipi uqobo.
Ukuhlanza ngemuva kokugijima komsebenzi ngakunye
Uma umhlinzeki wakho esebenzisa amabhokisi okungenayo ahlala isikhathi esifushane ngokuphelelwa yisikhathi okuzenzakalelayo, imvamisa awudingi ukuhlanza okucacile. Ikheli lesikhashana liyanyamalala ngemuva kwewindi elihleliwe, lithatha idatha yokuhlola nayo. Okufanele ugweme ukulahla okuqukethwe okugcwele kwe-imeyili noma ama-OTP kumalogi wokwakha ahlala isikhathi eside kunebhokisi lokungenayo.
Gcina imethadatha encane kuphela kumalogi, kufaka phakathi ukuthi yisiphi isimo esisebenzise i-imeyili yesikhashana, ukuthi i-imeyili itholwe yini, kanye namamethrikhi ayisisekelo wesikhathi. Noma yimiphi imininingwane eyengeziwe kufanele igcinwe ezintweni eziphephile noma kumathuluzi wokubuka anezilawuli zokufinyelela ezifanele.
I-Wire Temp Mail ku-GitLab CI / CD
Amapayipi e-GitLab angaphatha ukudalwa kwebhokisi lokungenayo elilahlwayo njengesigaba sokuqala, ukondla amakheli e-imeyili emisebenzini yakamuva ngaphandle kokuveza izimfihlo.
Ukuklama Izigaba Zepayipi Ze-Imeyili
Idizayini ehlanzekile ye-GitLab ihlukanisa ukudalwa kwebhokisi lokungenayo, ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa, nokuqoqwa kwezinto ezigabeni ezihlukile. Isigaba sokuqala sikhiqiza ikheli, siyigcine kufayela eliguquguqukayo noma eliphephile, bese kuphela lapho livusa isigaba sokuhlola ukuhlanganiswa. Lokhu kugwema izimo zomjaho ezenzeka lapho izivivinyo ziqhutshwa ngaphambi kokuba ibhokisi lokungenayo litholakale.
Ukudlulisa imininingwane yebhokisi lokungenayo phakathi kwemisebenzi
Ngokuya ngesimo sakho sokuphepha, ungadlulisa amakheli ebhokisi lokungenayo phakathi kwemisebenzi ngezinguquko ze-CI, izinto zomsebenzi, noma kokubili. Ikheli ngokwalo ngokuvamile alizweli, kepha noma iyiphi ithokheni ekuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele ibhokisi lokungenayo elisebenzisekayo kufanele liphathwe njengephasiwedi.
Fihla amanani lapho kungenzeka khona futhi ugweme ukuwaphinda emibhalweni. Uma imisebenzi eminingana yabelana ngebhokisi lokungenayo elilodwa elilahlwayo, chaza ukwabelana ngamabomu esikhundleni sokuthembela ekusetshenzisweni kabusha okucacile, ukuze ungahumushi kabi ama-imeyili avela kuma-runs angaphambilini.
Ukulungisa iphutha lokuhlolwa kwe-imeyili ye-Flaky
Lapho izivivinyo ze-imeyili zehluleka ngezikhathi ezithile, qala ngokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinkinga zokulethwa nezinkinga zokuhlola. Hlola ukuthi ezinye izivivinyo ze-OTP noma zesaziso zehlulekile yini ngasikhathi sinye. Amaphethini avela ezinsizakalweni ezifana nohlu lokuhlola olunemininingwane yokunciphisa ubungozi be-OTP kumapayipi e-QA ebhizinisi angaqondisa uphenyo lwakho.
Ungaqoqa futhi izihloko ezilinganiselwe kanye nemethadatha yokugijima okuhlulekile ngaphandle kokugcina wonke umzimba womyalezo. Lokhu kuvame ukwanela ukunquma ukuthi i-imeyili ivinjelwe, ivinjelwe, noma ibambezelekile, ngenkathi ihlonipha ubumfihlo futhi ihambisana nemigomo yokunciphisa idatha.
I-Wire Temp Mail ku-CircleCI
Imisebenzi ye-CircleCI nama-orbs angagoqa yonke iphethini "yokwakha ibhokisi lokungenayo → ulinde i-imeyili → ikhiphe ithokheni" ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukuyisebenzisa kabusha ngokuphepha.
Iphethini Yezinga Lomsebenzi Lokuhlolwa Kwe-imeyili
Ku-CircleCI, iphethini ejwayelekile ukuba nesinyathelo sangaphambi esibiza umhlinzeki wakho we-imeyili yesikhashana, ulondoloze ikheli elikhiqiziwe ku-variable yemvelo, bese uqhuba izivivinyo zakho zokuphela kokuphela. Ikhodi yokuhlola iziphatha ngendlela efanayo neGitHub Actions noma iGitLab CI: ilinde i-imeyili, ihlaziya i-OTP noma isixhumanisi, futhi iyaqhubeka nesimo.
Ukusebenzisa ama-orbs nemiyalo esebenzisekayo
Njengoba ipulatifomu yakho ivuthwa, ungafaka ukuhlolwa kwe-imeyili kuma-orbs noma imiyalo esebenzisekayo. Lezi zingxenye ziphatha ukudalwa kwebhokisi lokungenayo, ukuvota, nokuhlaziya, bese zibuyisela amanani alula ukuthi izivivinyo zingadla. Lokhu kunciphisa isidingo sokukopisha-unamathisele futhi kwenza kube lula ukuphoqelela imithetho yakho yokuphepha.
Ukulinganisa ukuhlolwa kwe-imeyili emisebenzini efanayo
I-CircleCI yenza ukufana okuphezulu kube lula, okungakhulisa izinkinga ze-imeyili ezicashile. Gwema ukusebenzisa kabusha ibhokisi lokungenayo elifanayo emisebenzini eminingi efanayo. Esikhundleni salokho, faka amabhokisi okungenayo usebenzisa izinkomba zomsebenzi noma ama-ID wesiqukathi ukunciphisa ukushayisana. Gada amazinga amaphutha nemikhawulo yesilinganiso ohlangothini lomhlinzeki we-imeyili ukukhomba izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngaphambi kokuthi wonke amapayipi ahluleke.
Nciphisa ubungozi kumapayipi wokuhlola
Amabhokisi okungenayo alahlwayo anciphisa ezinye izingozi kepha adale amasha, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuphathwa okuyimfihlo, ukungena ngemvume, nokuziphatha kokubuyiselwa kwe-akhawunti.
Ukugcina izimfihlo nama-OTP ngaphandle kwezingodo
Izingodo zakho zamapayipi zivame ukugcinwa izinyanga, zithunyelwa ekuphathweni kwamalogi angaphandle, futhi zifinyelelwe ngabantu abangadingi ukufinyelela kuma-OTP. Ungalokothi uphrinta amakhodi okuqinisekisa, izixhumanisi zemilingo, noma amathokheni ebhokisi lokungenayo ngqo ku-stdout. Ngena kuphela ukuthi inani lamukelwe futhi lisetshenziswe ngempumelelo.
Ukuze uthole isizinda sokuthi kungani ukuphathwa kwe-OTP kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, umhlahlandlela ophelele wokusebenzisa i-imeyili yesikhashana yokuqinisekiswa kwe-OTP ucezu olubalulekile. Phatha izivivinyo zakho njengokungathi ziyi-akhawunti yangempela: ungajwayelekile imikhuba emibi ngoba nje idatha yenziwa.
Ukuphatha amathokheni namabhokisi okungenayo asetshenzisiwe ngokuphepha
Abanye abahlinzeki bakuvumela ukuthi usebenzise kabusha ibhokisi lokungenayo unomphela usebenzisa ithokheni yokufinyelela, enamandla kakhulu ezindaweni ze-QA ne-UAT ezihlala isikhathi eside. Kepha leyo thokheni iba yisihluthulelo sayo yonke into ebhokisini lokungenayo eyake yatholwa. Yigcine ku-vault efanayo eyimfihlo oyisebenzisayo okhiye be-API namaphasiwedi wedatha.
Uma udinga amakheli ahlala isikhathi eside, landela imikhuba emihle evela ezinsizakalweni ezikufundisa ukuthi ungalisebenzisa kanjani ikheli lakho le-imeyili lesikhashana ngokuphepha. Chaza izinqubomgomo zokujikeleza, nquma ukuthi ngubani ongabuka amathokheni, futhi ubhale inqubo yokuhoxisa ukufinyelela uma kwenzeka inkinga.
Ukuhambisana nokugcinwa kwedatha yedatha yokuhlola
Ngisho nabasebenzisi bokwenziwa bangawela ngaphansi kwemithetho yobumfihlo nokuhambisana uma uhlanganisa ngephutha idatha yangempela. Amawindi amafushane okugcina ibhokisi lokungenayo asiza: imilayezo iyanyamalala ngemuva kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe, esihambisana kahle nomgomo wokunciphisa idatha.
Bhala inqubomgomo engasindi echaza ukuthi kungani i-imeyili elahlwayo isetshenziswa ku-CI / CD, iyiphi idatha egcinwe kuphi, nokuthi igcinwa isikhathi esingakanani. Lokhu kwenza izingxoxo namaqembu ezokuphepha, ubungozi kanye nokuhambisana kube lula kakhulu.
Linganisa futhi ulungelelanise ukuhlolwa kwe-imeyili
Ukugcina izivivinyo ezisuselwa ku-imeyili zithembekile isikhathi eside, udinga ukubonwa okuyisisekelo ngesikhathi sokulethwa, izindlela zokwehluleka, nokuziphatha komhlinzeki.
Landela isikhathi sokulethwa kwe-OTP nesilinganiso sempumelelo
Engeza amamethrikhi alula ukurekhoda ukuthi isivivinyo ngasinye esisuselwa ku-imeyili silinde isikhathi esingakanani i-OTP noma isixhumanisi sokuqinisekisa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzobona ukusatshalaliswa: imilayezo eminingi ifika ngokushesha, kepha eminye ithatha isikhathi eside noma ayikaze ivele. Izindatshana ezifunda incazelo yokuthi ukujikeleza kwesizinda kuthuthukisa kanjani ukuthembeka kwe-OTP kuchaza ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka nokuthi izizinda ezijikelezayo zingalungisa kanjani izinkinga ezibangelwa izihlungi ezeqile.
Izivikelo lapho ukugeleza kwe-imeyili kuphuka
Nquma kusengaphambili lapho i-imeyili elahlekile kufanele ibangele ukuthi yonke ipayipi yehluleke nokuthi ukhetha nini ukwehluleka okuthambile. Ukudalwa kwe-akhawunti ebucayi noma ukugeleza kokungena ngemvume ngokuvamile kudinga ukwehluleka okunzima, kuyilapho izaziso zesibili zingavunyelwa ukwehluleka ngaphandle kokuvimba ukuthunyelwa. Imithetho ecacile ivimbela onjiniyela abashayelayo ekuqageni ngaphansi kwengcindezi.
Ukuphindaphinda kubahlinzeki, izizinda, namaphethini
Ukuziphatha kwe-imeyili kuyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba izihlungi ziguquka. Yakha ama-loops amancane wempendulo enqubweni yakho ngokuqapha izitayela, ukuqhuba izivivinyo zokuqhathanisa ngezikhathi ezithile ngokumelene nezizinda eziningi, nokucwenga amaphethini akho. Izingcezu zokuhlola ezinjengezibonelo ze-imeyili ezingalindelekile ezingalindelekile onjiniyela abangavamile ukucabanga ngazo zingagqugquzela izimo ezengeziwe ze-suite yakho ye-QA.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Lezi zimpendulo ezimfushane zisiza iqembu lakho ukuthi lamukele amabhokisi okungenayo alahlwayo ku-CI / CD ngaphandle kokuphinda izincazelo ezifanayo kuzo zonke izibuyekezo zokuklama.
Ngingaphinda ngisebenzise ibhokisi lokungenayo elifanayo elilahlwayo kuma-CI / CD amaningi?
Ungakwazi, kodwa kufanele ube ngamabomu ngakho. Ukusebenzisa kabusha ikheli lesikhashana ngegatsha ngalinye noma imvelo kuhle ekugelezeni okungabucayi, inqobo nje uma wonke umuntu eqonda ukuthi ama-imeyili amadala angase abe khona. Ezimweni ezinobungozi obukhulu njengokuqinisekisa nokukhokhisa, khetha ibhokisi elilodwa lokungenayo nge-run ngayinye ukuze idatha yokuhlola ihlukaniswe futhi kube lula ukucabanga ngayo.
Ngingavimbela kanjani amakhodi we-OTP ukuthi angavuzi kumarekhodi we-CI / CD?
Gcina i-OTP iphatha ngaphakathi kwekhodi yokuhlola futhi ungalokothi uphrinta amanani aluhlaza. Ngena ngemvume imicimbi efana ne- "OTP itholiwe" noma "isixhumanisi sokuqinisekiswa sivuliwe" esikhundleni sezimfihlo zangempela. Qinisekisa ukuthi imitapo yakho yokungena ngemvume kanye nezindlela zokulungisa amaphutha azilungiselelwe ukulahla izicelo noma imizimba yempendulo equkethe amathokheni abucayi.
Ingabe kuphephile ukugcina amathokheni ebhokisi lokungenayo alahlwayo kuma-CI variables?
Yebo, uma ubaphatha njengezinye izimfihlo zebanga lokukhiqiza. Sebenzisa izinto eziguquguqukayo ezibethelwe noma umphathi oyimfihlo, uvimbele ukufinyelela kuzo, futhi ugweme ukuziphinda emibhalweni. Uma ithokheni ivezwa, yijikelezise njenganoma yimuphi ukhiye osetshenzisiwe.
Kwenzekani uma ibhokisi lokungenayo lesikhashana liphelelwa yisikhathi ngaphambi kokuphela kwezivivinyo zami?
Uma izivivinyo zakho zihamba kancane, unezinketho ezimbili: nciphisa isimo noma ukhethe ibhokisi lokungenayo elisebenzisekayo elinempilo ende. Emaqenjini amaningi, ukuqinisa ukuhamba komsebenzi wokuhlola nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinyathelo ze-imeyili zisebenza ekuqaleni kwepayipi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esingcono.
Mangaki amabhokisi okungenayo alahlwayo okufanele ngiwakhise ama-suites wokuhlola afanayo?
Umthetho olula wesithupha yibhokisi elilodwa lokungenayo ngesisebenzi ngasinye esiphakathi nesimo ngasinye. Ngale ndlela, ugwema ukushayisana nemilayezo engaqondakali lapho kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningi ngasikhathi sinye. Uma umhlinzeki enemikhawulo eqinile, unganciphisa inombolo ngezindleko ze-logic eyinkimbinkimbi kancane.
Ingabe ukusebenzisa amakheli e-imeyili wesikhashana ku-CI / CD kunciphisa ukulethwa kwe-imeyili noma kubangele amabhlogo?
Kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma uthumela imilayezo eminingi yokuhlola efanayo evela kuma-IP afanayo nezizinda. Ukusebenzisa abahlinzeki abaphatha idumela lesizinda kahle futhi bajikeleze amagama abaphathi ngokuhlakanipha kuyasiza. Uma ungabaza, sebenzisa izivivinyo ezilawulwayo futhi ubheke ukukhuphuka kwe-bounce noma ukubambezeleka kwamazinga.
Ngingakwazi yini ukuqhuba izivivinyo ezisuselwa ku-imeyili ngaphandle kwe-API ye-Temp Mail yomphakathi?
Yebo. Abahlinzeki abaningi baveza iziphetho ezilula zewebhu ukuthi ikhodi yakho yokuhlola ingabiza njenge-API. Kwezinye izimo, insizakalo encane yangaphakathi ingavala igebe phakathi komhlinzeki namapayipi akho, i-caching futhi iveze kuphela imethadatha izivivinyo zakho ezidingayo.
Ngabe kufanele ngisebenzise i-imeyili elahlwayo yedatha efana nokukhiqiza noma abasebenzisi bokuhlolwa kokwenziwa kuphela?
Khawulela amabhokisi okungenayo alahlwayo kubasebenzisi bokwenziwa abenzelwe kuphela izinhloso zokuhlola. Ama-akhawunti wokukhiqiza, idatha yangempela yamakhasimende, kanye nanoma yiluphi ulwazi oluboshelwe imali noma ukuhambisana kufanele lusebenzise amakheli e-imeyili aphethwe kahle, esikhathi eside.
Ngiyichaza kanjani i-imeyili elahlwayo kumapayipi eqenjini lezokuphepha noma lokuhambisana?
Yifake njengendlela yokunciphisa ukuvezwa kwamakheli e-imeyili aqinisekisiwe kanye ne-PII ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Yabelana ngezinqubomgomo ezicacile mayelana nokugcinwa, ukungena ngemvume, nokuphathwa okuyimfihlo, kanye nemibhalo yokubhekisela echaza ingqalasizinda engenayo oyisebenzisayo.
Kufanele ngikhethe nini ibhokisi leposi lesikhashana elisebenzisekayo esikhundleni sebhokisi lokungenayo lesikhathi esisodwa?
Amabhokisi eposi wesikhashana asebenzisekayo anengqondo ezindaweni ze-QA ezihlala isikhathi eside, izinhlelo zangaphambi kokukhiqiza, noma ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ngesandla lapho ufuna ikheli elihambisanayo. Kuyisinqumo esingalungile sokugeleza kokuqinisekiswa okuyingozi kakhulu noma ukuhlolwa okubucayi lapho ukuhlukaniswa okuqinile kubaluleke kakhulu kunokulula.
Imithombo kanye nokufundwa okwengeziwe
Ukuze ujule ekuziphatheni kwe-OTP, idumela lesizinda, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphephile kwe-imeyili yesikhashana ekuhlolweni, amaqembu angabuyekeza imibhalo yabahlinzeki be-imeyili, imihlahlandlela yokuphepha yesikhulumi se-CI / CD, kanye nezindatshana ezinemininingwane mayelana nokusebenzisa i-imeyili yesikhashana yokuqinisekiswa kwe-OTP, ukujikeleza kwesizinda, kanye nezindawo ze-QA / UAT.
Umugqa ongezansi
I-imeyili elahlwayo akuyona nje isici esilula samafomu okubhalisa. Isetshenziswe ngokucophelela, iba yibhlokhi yokwakha enamandla ngaphakathi kwamapayipi akho e-CI / CD. Ngokukhiqiza amabhokisi okungenayo ahlala isikhathi esifushane, uwahlanganise neGitHub Actions, iGitLab CI, ne-CircleCI, nokuphoqelela imithetho eqinile ezungeze izimfihlo nokungena ngemvume, ungahlola ukugeleza kwe-imeyili okubucayi ngaphandle kokubandakanya amabhokisi okungenayo wangempela kule nqubo.
Qala kancane ngesimo esisodwa, ulinganise ukulethwa nokuhluleka kwamaphethini, futhi kancane kancane ulinganise iphethini elifanelana neqembu lakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isu le-imeyili elilahlwayo ngamabomu lizokwenza amapayipi akho athembeke ngokwengeziwe, ukuhlolwa kwakho kube lula, futhi onjiniyela bakho bengesabi igama elithi "imeyili" ezinhlelweni zokuhlola.
