Ko hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ʻimeili ʻi he CI/CD Pipelines (GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, CircleCI)
Hu vave ki ai
Ngaahi Meʻa Mahuʻinga ki he Ngaahi Timi DevOps Femoʻuekina
ʻAi ke malu ʻa e ʻimeili ʻa e CI/CD
Fokotuʻutuʻu ha Founga Maʻa ʻo e Puha Inbox
Wire Temp Mail Into GitHub Actions
Wire Temp Mail Into GitLab CI/CD
Wire Temp Mail Into CircleCI
Fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e fakatuʻutamaki ʻi he ngaahi pipeline sivi
Fua mo Fakatonutonu ʻa e Sivi ʻo e ʻImeili
FAQ
Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Fakamatala mo e Laukonga Lahi Ange
Ko e meʻa mahuʻinga taha
Ngaahi Meʻa Mahuʻinga ki he Ngaahi Timi DevOps Femoʻuekina
Kapau ʻoku fakafalala hoʻo ngaahi sivi CI/CD ʻi he ngaahi ʻimeili, ʻoku ke fie maʻu ha founga fokotuʻutuʻu mo fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he puha melino; ka ʻikai, te ke ʻave ʻa e fanga kiʻi ʻinisekite, leak fakapulipuli, pe fakatouʻosi.
- ʻOku faʻa fetaulaki ʻa e ngaahi pipeline CI/CD mo e ngaahi ʻimeili, hange ko e fakamoʻoni, OTP, toe fakafoʻou ʻo e lea fufuu, mo e ngaahi fanongonongo ʻo e moʻua, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai lava ke siviʻi falalaʻanga ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi puha meʻa ʻoku vahevahe ʻe he tangata.
- ʻOku hanga ʻe ha founga maʻa ʻo e puha inbox ʻo mape ʻo mape ʻa e lifecycle ʻo e puha hu mai ki he pipeline, ʻo tauhi ʻa e ngaahi sivi ke fakapapauʻi lolotonga hono maluʻi ʻo e kau fakaʻaongaʻi moʻoni mo e puha meili ʻa e kau ngaue.
- ʻE lava kotoa ʻe he GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, mo e CircleCI ʻo faʻu, paasi, mo fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi tuʻasila meili fakataimi ko ha ngaahi meʻa kehekehe ʻi he ʻatakai pe output ʻo e ngaue.
- ʻOku tupu ʻa e maluʻi mei he ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni fefeka: ʻoku ʻikai ha OTPs pe inbox tokens ʻoku logged, ʻoku nounou ʻa e puha tali, pea ʻoku toki fakangofua pe ʻa e reusable inboxes ʻi he feituʻu ʻoku fakaʻata ai ʻe he fakamatala fakafoʻituitui ʻo e tuʻunga fakatuʻutamaki.
- ʻI he ngaahi tefitoʻi meʻangaue, te ke lava ʻo muimuiʻi ʻa e taimi ʻoku ʻave ai ʻa e OTP, ngaahi sipinga ʻo e taʻelavameʻa, mo e ngaahi palopalema ʻa e kautaha ʻoku nau maʻu, ʻo ʻai ʻa e ngaahi sivi ʻimeili ke lava ʻo fakafuofuaʻi mo tomuʻa.
ʻAi ke malu ʻa e ʻimeili ʻa e CI/CD
Ko e ʻimeili ko e taha ia ʻo e ngaahi konga faingataʻa taha ʻo e sivi ʻo e ngataʻanga ki he ngataʻanga, pea ʻoku fakalahi ʻe he CI/CD ʻa e palopalema kotoa pe ʻoku ke tukunoaʻi ʻi he fokotuʻutuʻu.
Feituʻu ʻoku ʻasi ai ʻa e ʻimeili ʻi he ngaahi sivi ʻotometiki
Ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi polokalama fakaonoponi ʻoku nau ʻave ha ngaahi ʻimeili transactional lolotonga ha fononga angamaheni ʻa e tokotaha fakaʻaongaʻi. ʻOku faʻa fie maʻu ke fou atu hoʻo ngaahi sivi ʻotometiki ʻi he ngaahi pipeline CI/CD ʻi he ngaahi tafe kehekehe, kau ai ʻa e fakamoʻoni ki he ʻakauni, fakapapauʻi ʻo e OTP pe fehokotakiʻanga faimana, fakafoʻou ʻo e lea fufuu, fakapapauʻi ʻo e liliu ʻo e tuʻasila ʻimeili, fakatokanga moʻua, mo e ngaahi fakatokanga ki hono fakaʻaongaʻi.
ʻOku fakafalala kotoa ʻa e ngaahi tafe ko ʻeni ki he malava ko ia ke maʻu vave ha popoaki, parse ha token pe fehokotakiʻanga, pea fakapapauʻi naʻe hoko ʻa e ngaue totonu. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi fakahinohino hange ko e ʻFakahinohino Kakato ki hono Fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ʻImeili Fakataimi ki hono Fakapapauʻi ʻo e OTPʻ ʻa e mahuʻinga ʻo e sitepu ko ʻeni ki he kau fakaʻaongaʻi moʻoni, pea ʻoku ʻaonga ʻa e meʻa tatau ki hoʻo kau fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he CI/CD.
Ko e ha ʻoku ʻikai fua ai ʻa e ngaahi puha meili moʻoni ʻi he QA
ʻI ha kiʻi meʻa siʻisiʻi, ʻoku faʻa fakahoko ʻe he ngaahi timi ʻa e ngaahi sivi ʻi ha puha Gmail pe Outlook ʻoku vahevahe pea fakamaʻa ia ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi. ʻOku mole ʻa e founga ko ia ʻi he taimi pe ʻoku ke maʻu ai ha ngaahi ngaue tatau, ngaahi ʻatakai kehekehe, pe toutou ngaue.
ʻOku fonu vave ʻa e ngaahi puha meili ʻoku vahevahe ʻaki ʻa e longoaʻa, spam, mo e ngaahi popoaki sivi ʻoku tuʻo ua. ʻOku kamata ʻa e fakangatangata ʻo e rate. ʻOku fakamoleki ʻe he kau developers ha taimi lahi ange ʻi hono kumi ʻo e ngaahi folder ʻi hono lau ʻo e ngaahi lekooti ʻo e sivi. Ko e kovi ange, te ke lava ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi fakatuʻupake ʻa e puha meili ʻa ha tokotaha ngaue moʻoni, ʻa ia ʻoku ne tuifio ʻa e fakamatala ʻo e sivi mo e fetuʻutaki fakatautaha pea fakatupu ai ha meʻa fakailifia ʻi he ʻaotita.
Mei he tafaʻaki fakatuʻutamaki, ʻoku faingataʻa hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e puha meili moʻoni ki he ngaahi sivi ʻotometiki ke fakatonuhiaʻi ʻa e taimi ʻoku maʻu ai ʻa e ʻimeili mo e puha meili fakataimi. ʻOku fakamahinoʻi ʻe ha fakahinohino kakato ki he founga ngaue ʻa e ʻimeili mo e meili fakataimi te ke lava ʻo fakamavahevaheʻi ʻa e fefonongaʻaki sivi mei he fetuʻutaki faitotonu ʻo ʻikai mole ʻa e falalaʻanga.
Founga ʻoku Hu ai ʻa e Disposable Inboxes ki he CI/CD
ʻOku faingofua pe ʻa e tefitoʻi fakakaukau: ʻoku maʻu ʻe he CI/CD kotoa pe ʻa hono tuʻasila ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi, ʻoku haʻi pe ki he kau fakaʻaongaʻi synthetic mo e fakamatala taimi nounou. ʻOku ʻave ʻe he tohi kole ʻoku siviʻi ʻa e OTPs, ngaahi fehokotakiʻanga fakapapauʻi, mo e ngaahi fanongonongo ki he tuʻasila ko ia. ʻOku maʻu ʻe hoʻo pipeline ʻa e kakano ʻo e ʻimeili ʻo fakafou ʻi ha API pe ko ha fakaʻilonga HTTP faingofua, toʻo ʻa e meʻa ʻoku ne fie maʻu, pea ngalo leva ʻa e puha melino.
ʻI he taimi ʻoku ke fakaʻaongaʻi ai ha sipinga kuo fokotuʻutuʻu, ʻoku ke maʻu ai ha ngaahi sivi deterministic ʻo ʻikai fakaʻuliʻi ʻa e ngaahi puha meili moʻoni. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe ha fakahinohino ki he ngaahi tuʻasila ʻimeili fakataimi ʻi he kuonga ʻo e AI ʻa e founga kuo fakafalala ai ʻa e kau developers ki he ngaahi tuʻasila ʻoku ʻosi fakaʻaongaʻi ki he ngaahi ʻahiʻahi; Ko e CI/CD ko ha fakalahi fakanatula ia ʻo e fakakaukau ko ia.
Fokotuʻutuʻu ha Founga Maʻa ʻo e Puha Inbox
Kimuʻa pea ke ala ki he YAML, fakapapauʻi pe ko e ha ʻa e lahi ʻo e ngaahi puha meili ʻoku ke fie maʻu, ko e ha hono fuoloa ʻo ʻenau moʻui, pea mo e ngaahi fakatuʻutamaki ʻoku ke fakafisi ke tali.
Per-Build vs Shared Test Inboxes
ʻOku ʻi ai ha sipinga angamaheni ʻe ua. ʻI he sipinga ʻo e langa takitaha, ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he pipeline kotoa pe ha tuʻasila foʻou. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he meʻa ni ʻa e fakamavaheʻi haohaoa: ʻikai ha ngaahi ʻimeili motuʻa ke siviʻi, ʻikai ha ngaahi tuʻunga lova ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ngaahi lele ʻi he taimi tatau, pea mo ha sipinga fakaʻatamai ʻoku faingofua ke mahino. Ko e meʻa ʻoku ʻikai lelei he kuo pau ke ke faʻu mo paasi ha puha loto foʻou ʻi he taimi kotoa pe, pea ʻe lava ke faingataʻa ange ʻa e debugging hili e ʻosi ʻa e puha melino.
ʻI he sipinga ʻo e shared-inbox, ʻoku ke vaheʻi ha tuʻasila ʻe taha ki he kolo, ʻatakai, pe feituʻu sivi. ʻOku toe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e tuʻasila totonu ʻi he ngaahi lele, ʻa ia ʻoku faingofua ange ai ʻa e debugging mo ngaue lelei ki he ngaahi sivi ʻoku ʻikai mahuʻinga. Ka kuo pau ke ke tokangaʻi lelei ʻa e puha meili koeʻuhi ke ʻoua naʻa hoko ia ko ha feituʻu lingi taimi loloa.
Mapping Inboxes to Test Scenarios
Fakakaukau ki hoʻo vahevahe ʻo e puha meʻa ko e fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e fakamatala ʻo e sivi. ʻE lava ke fakatefito ʻa e tuʻasila ʻe taha ki he lesisita ʻo e ʻakauni, ko e tuʻasila ʻe taha ki hono fakafoʻou ʻo e lea fufuu, pea ko e tuʻasila ʻe taha ki he ngaahi fanongonongo. Ki he ngaahi ʻatakai ʻoku fakatefito ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu kehekehe pe fakavahefonua, te ke lava ʻo toe laka atu ʻi ha sitepu ʻe taha pea vahe ha puha meʻa ʻi he feituʻu pe vahefonua ke maʻu ʻa e ʻalu ʻa e configuration.
Fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi founga fakahingoa ʻoku ne fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e fokotuʻutuʻu mo e ʻatakai, hange ko e signup-us-east-@example-temp.com pe password-reset-staging-@example-temp.com. ʻOku faingofua ange heni ke fakatotoloʻi ʻa e ngaahi taʻelavameʻa ki ha ngaahi sivi pau ʻi he taimi ʻoku fehalaaki ai.
Choosing a Disposable Email Provider for CI/CD
ʻOku fie maʻu ʻe hono siviʻi ʻo e ʻimeili CI/CD ha ngaahi meʻa kehe mei hono fakaʻaongaʻi angamaheni. ʻOku mahuʻinga ange ʻa e vave hono ʻave ʻo e OTP, fokotuʻutuʻu MX tuʻumaʻu, mo e deliverability maʻolunga ʻi he UIs fakaʻofoʻofa. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi fakamatala ʻoku ne fakamatalaʻi ʻa e founga ʻoku fakaleleiʻi ai ʻe he domain rotation ʻa e falalaʻanga ʻo e OTP ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻe lava ai ʻe he ngaahi faʻunga lelei ʻo ʻai pe maumauʻi hoʻo automation.
ʻOku ke toe fie maʻu foki ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻikai ke fie maʻu ʻi he totonu fakafoʻituitui, hange ko e puha meʻa ʻoku maʻu pe, taimi nounou ʻo e pukepuke pea ʻikai ha poupou ki he ngaahi meʻa ʻoku fakapipiki atu ʻoku ʻikai ke ke fie maʻu ʻi he ngaahi sivi. Kapau ʻoku ʻoatu ʻe hoʻo kautaha ʻa e fakaakeake ʻo e token-based ki he reusable inboxes, lau ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ko ia ko ha ngaahi fakapulipuli. Ki he lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi tafe ʻa e CI/CD, ʻoku feʻunga pe ha kiʻi uepisaiti pe API ʻoku ne fakafoki mai ʻa e ngaahi popoaki fakamuimuitaha.
Wire Temp Mail Into GitHub Actions
ʻOku fakafaingofuaʻi ʻe he GitHub Actions ke tanaki atu ʻa e ngaahi sitepu kimuʻa ʻoku ne faʻu ʻa e ngaahi puha meʻa ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi pea fafanga kinautolu ki he ngaahi sivi ʻo e fakatahaʻi ko ha ngaahi meʻa kehekehe ʻi he ʻatakai.
Sipinga: Faʻu ha puha Inbox Kimuʻa ʻi he Sivi ʻo e Ngaahi Ngaue
ʻOku kamata ʻaki ha ngaue maʻamaʻa ʻa ia ʻoku ne fakaʻaongaʻi ha script pe ngataʻanga ke faʻu ha tuʻasila ʻimeili fakataimi foʻou. ʻOku ʻave ʻe he ngaue ko ia ʻa e tuʻasila ko ha output variable pe tohi ia ki ha artifact. ʻOku lau ʻe he ngaahi ngaue hoko mai ʻi he founga ngaue ʻa e mahuʻinga pea fakaʻaongaʻi ia ʻi he fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e tohi kole pe kouti sivi.
Kapau ʻoku foʻou hoʻo timi ki he ngaahi tuʻasila ʻimeili fakataimi, tomuʻa vakaiʻi ʻa e founga ngaue ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi ha walkthrough vave ke maʻu ha tuʻasila ʻimeili fakataimi. Ko ʻene mahino pe ki he tokotaha kotoa pe ʻa e anga ʻo e ʻasi mai ʻa e puha hu mai mo e founga ʻoku aʻu mai ai ʻa e ngaahi popoaki, ʻoku siʻisiʻi ange leva ʻa e misiteli hono ʻotometiki ia ʻi he GitHub Actions.
Fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi ʻimeili fakapapauʻi ʻi he ngaahi sitepu sivi
ʻI loto ʻi hoʻo ngaue sivi, ʻoku fokotuʻutuʻu ʻa e tohi kole ʻoku siviʻi ke ʻave ʻa e ngaahi ʻimeili ki he tuʻasila kuo faʻu. ʻOku hanga leva ʻe hoʻo kouti ʻo e sivi ʻo siviʻi ʻa e endpoint ʻo e puha totonu kae ʻoua kuo ne sio ki he laine totonu ʻo e kaveinga, parses ʻa e sino ʻo e ʻimeili ki ha fehokotakiʻanga OTP pe fakapapauʻi, pea fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e mahuʻinga ko ia ke fakakakato ʻa e tafe mai.
Fakaʻaongaʻi maʻu pe ʻa e ngaahi taimi ʻoku fakangata ai pea fakamahinoʻi ʻa e ngaahi popoaki ʻoku fehalaaki. Kapau ʻoku ʻikai aʻu mai ha OTP ʻi ha vahaʻa taimi feʻunga, ʻoku totonu ke ʻikai lava ʻa e sivi ʻaki ha popoaki ʻe tokoni atu ke ke fakapapauʻi pe ko e palopalema ʻoku ʻi hoʻo kautaha ngaue, hoʻo app, pe ko e pipeline.
Fakamaʻa ʻi he hili ʻa e lele takitaha ʻo e founga ngaue
Kapau ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe hoʻo kautaha ʻa e ngaahi puha meʻa nounou ʻoku ʻotometiki hono ʻaonga, ʻoku ʻikai ke ke faʻa fie maʻu ke fakamaʻa mahino. ʻOku pulia ʻa e tuʻasila temp hili ha window pau, ʻo ʻave mo ia ʻa e fakamatala ʻo e sivi. Ko e meʻa kuo pau ke ke fakaʻehiʻehi mei ai ko hono laku kakato ʻo e kakano ʻo e ʻimeili pe OTP ki he ngaahi lekooti ʻoku moʻui loloa ange ʻi he puha melino.
Tauhi pe ha metadata siʻisiʻi ʻi he ngaahi logs, kau ai ʻa e fokotuʻutuʻu naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ai ha ʻimeili fakataimi, pe naʻe maʻu ʻa e ʻimeili, mo e ngaahi tefitoʻi meʻafua ʻo e taimi. ʻOku totonu ke tauhi ha toe ngaahi fakaikiiki ʻi ha ngaahi meʻangaue malu pe ngaahi meʻangaue ʻoku lava ke vakaiʻi ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻa totonu ke hu ki ai.
Wire Temp Mail Into GitLab CI/CD
ʻE lava ke lau ʻe he pipelines ʻa e GitLab ʻa e faʻu ʻo e puha meʻa ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ko ha tuʻunga ʻuluaki, ʻo fakahu ʻa e ngaahi tuʻasila ʻimeili ki he ngaahi ngaue kimui ange ʻo ʻikai fakahaaʻi ha ngaahi fakapulipuli.
Ko hono fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e ngaahi tuʻunga ʻo e pipeline ʻoku ʻilo ʻe he ʻimeili
ʻOku fakamavahevaheʻi ʻe he palani maʻa ʻo e GitLab ʻa e faʻu ʻo e puha ʻulu, fakahoko ʻo e sivi, mo hono tanaki ʻo e ngaahi meʻa ki ha ngaahi tuʻunga kehekehe. ʻOku hanga ʻe he ʻuluaki sitepu ʻo faʻu ʻa e tuʻasila, tauhi ia ʻi ha meʻa ʻoku fakapuliki pe faile malu, pea toki kamata leva ʻa e tuʻunga sivi ʻo e fakatahaʻi. ʻOku fakaʻehiʻehi heni mei he ngaahi tuʻunga lova ʻoku hoko ʻi he taimi ʻoku fakahoko ai ʻa e ngaahi sivi kimuʻa pea toki maʻu ʻa e puha meili.
Ko hono paasi ʻo e ngaahi fakaikiiki ʻo e puha ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ngaahi ngaue
Makatuʻunga ʻi hoʻo tuʻunga maluʻi, te ke lava ʻo ʻave ʻa e ngaahi tuʻasila ʻi he puha ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ngaahi ngaue ʻo fakafou ʻi he CI variables, job artifacts, pe fakatouʻosi. ʻOku ʻikai pelepelengesi ʻa e tuʻasila, ka ʻoku totonu ke lau ia ko ha lea fufuu.
Fakapuliki ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga ʻulungaanga mahuʻinga ʻi he feituʻu ʻe lava ai pea fakaʻehiʻehi mei hono toe fakaongo mai kinautolu ʻi he script. Kapau ʻoku lahi ha ngaahi ngaue ʻoku nau vahevahe ha puha meʻa pe ʻe taha, fakaʻuhingaʻi ʻa e vahevahe ʻi he taumuʻa kae ʻoua ʻe fakafalala ki hono toe fakaʻaongaʻi, koeʻuhi ke ʻoua naʻa ke fakaʻuhingahalaʻi ʻa e ngaahi ʻimeili mei he ngaahi lele kimuʻa.
Debugging Flaky Email-Based Tests
ʻI he taimi ʻoku ʻikai lava ai ʻa e ngaahi sivi ʻimeili, kamata ʻaki hono fakafaikehekeheʻi ʻa e ngaahi palopalema ʻo e deliverability mo e ngaahi palopalema ʻo e sivi. Vakaiʻi pe naʻe ʻikai lava ʻa e ngaahi sivi kehe ʻo e OTP pe fanongonongo ʻi he taimi tatau. ʻE lava ke tataki hoʻo fakatotolo ʻe he ngaahi sipinga mei he ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni hange ko e lisi vakaiʻi fakaikiiki ke fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e tuʻunga fakatuʻutamaki ʻo e OTP ʻi he ngaahi pipeline QA ʻo e pisinisi.
Te ke lava foki ʻo tanaki ʻa e ngaahi ʻuluʻi tohi mo e metadata fakangatangata ki he ngaahi lele ʻoku ʻikai ola lelei ʻo ʻikai tauhi ʻa e sino kotoa ʻo e popoaki. ʻOku faʻa feʻunga pe ʻeni ke fakapapauʻi pe naʻe taʻofi pe fakatoloi ʻa e meili, kae fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻa e totonu fakafoʻituitui mo muimui ki he ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni ʻo e fakasiʻisiʻi ʻo e fakamatala.
Wire Temp Mail Into CircleCI
ʻE lava ke kofukofuʻi ʻe he ngaahi ngaue mo e orbs ʻa e sipinga kotoa ʻo e "faʻu ʻa e puha → tatali ki he ʻimeili → toʻo ʻa e fakaʻilonga" koeʻuhi ke lava ʻa e ngaahi timi ʻo toe fakaʻaongaʻi ia ʻi ha founga lelei.
Sipinga ʻo e Tuʻunga ʻo e Ngaue ki hono Siviʻi ʻo e ʻImeili
ʻI he CircleCI, ko ha sipinga angamaheni ke ʻi ai ha sitepu kimuʻa ʻoku telefoni ki hoʻo kautaha meili fakataimi, seivi ʻa e tuʻasila kuo faʻu ʻi ha ʻatakai ʻoku feliliuaki, pea fakalele leva hoʻo ngaahi sivi mei he ngataʻanga ki he ngataʻanga. ʻOku ʻulungaanga tatau pe ʻa e kouti sivi ʻo hange ko ia ʻi he GitHub Actions pe GitLab CI: ʻoku ne tatali ki he ʻimeili, parses ʻa e OTP pe fehokotakiʻanga, pea hoko atu ʻa e fokotuʻutuʻu.
Ko Hono Fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e Orbs mo e Reusable Orders
ʻI he matuʻotuʻa hoʻo platform, te ke lava ʻo encapsulate ʻa e sivi ʻo e ʻimeili ki ha ngaahi orbs pe ngaahi fekau ʻoku lava ke toe fakaʻaongaʻi. ʻOku tokangaʻi ʻe he ngaahi konga ko ʻeni ʻa e faʻu ʻo e puha inbox, polling, mo e parsing, pea fakafoki mai leva ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga mahuʻinga faingofua ʻe lava ke fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he ngaahi sivi. ʻOku fakasiʻisiʻi heni ʻa e fie maʻu ke hiki tatau mo fakapipiki pea faingofua ange hono fakamalohiʻi hoʻo ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni maluʻi.
Scaling ʻo e ngaahi sivi ʻimeili ʻi he ngaahi ngaue tatau
ʻOku fakafaingofuaʻi ʻe he CircleCI ʻa e parallelism maʻolunga, ʻa ia te ne lava ʻo fakalahi ʻa e ngaahi palopalema ʻimeili pelepelengesi. Fakaʻehiʻehi mei hono toe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e puha meili tatau ʻi he ngaahi ngaue lahi ʻoku faitatau. Ka ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he shard inboxes ʻa e fakahokohoko fakamotuʻalea ʻo e ngaue pe ID ʻo e koniteina ke fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e fepaki. Vakaiʻi ʻa e lahi ʻo e fehalaaki mo e fakangatangata ʻo e vave ʻi he tafaʻaki ʻo e kautaha ʻimeili ke ʻiloʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga fakatokanga kimuʻa pea toki maumau ʻa e pipelines kakato.
Fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e fakatuʻutamaki ʻi he ngaahi pipeline sivi
ʻOku fakasiʻisiʻi ʻe he ngaahi puha meʻa ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakatuʻutamaki ka ʻoku ne fakatupu ha ngaahi meʻa foʻou, tautautefito ki hono tokangaʻi fakapulipuli, loging, mo e ʻulungaanga ʻo hono toe maʻu ʻo e ʻakauni.
Ko hono tauhi ʻo e ngaahi fakapulipuli mo e OTP mei he ngaahi logs
ʻOku faʻa tauhi hoʻo ngaahi lekooti pipeline ʻi ha ngaahi mahina, ʻave ki he external log management, pea hu ki ai ʻa e niʻihi fakafoʻituitui ʻoku ʻikai fie maʻu ke nau hu ki he OTPs. ʻOua naʻa teitei paaki fakahangatonu ʻa e ngaahi kouti fakapapauʻi, fehokotakiʻanga faimana, pe ngaahi fakaʻilonga ʻi he puha totonu ki he stdout. Lekooti pe naʻe maʻu mo fakaʻaongaʻi lelei ʻa e mahuʻinga.
Ki he puipuituʻa ʻo e ʻuhinga ʻoku fie maʻu ai ha tokanga makehe ki hono tokangaʻi ʻo e OTP, ko e fakahinohino kakato ki hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ʻimeili fakataimi ki hono fakapapauʻi ʻo e OTP. ʻAi hoʻo ngaahi sivi ʻo hange pe ko ha ngaahi fakamatala moʻoni: ʻoua naʻa ke normalise ʻa e ngaahi toʻonga kovi koeʻuhi pe ko e fakamatala ʻoku synthetic.
Ko hono tokangaʻi malu ʻo e ngaahi token mo e reusable inboxes
ʻOku fakaʻata koe ʻe he ngaahi kautaha ʻe niʻihi ke ke toe fakaʻaongaʻi taʻefakangatangata ha puha hu ki ai, ʻa ia ʻoku malohi ʻaupito ki he ngaahi ʻatakai ʻo e QA mo e UAT ʻoku lele loloa. Ka ʻoku hoko ʻa e fakaʻilonga ko ia ko ha ki ki he meʻa kotoa pe kuo maʻu ʻe he puha melino. Tauhi ia ʻi he tauhiʻanga fakapulipuli tatau pe ʻoku ke fakaʻaongaʻi ki he ngaahi ki API mo e ngaahi lea fufu ʻi he faile fakakomipiuta.
ʻI he taimi ʻoku ke fie maʻu ai ha ngaahi tuʻasila ʻoku tolonga fuoloa, muimui ki he ngaahi founga lelei taha mei he ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni ʻoku nau akoʻi koe ki he founga ke toe fakaʻaongaʻi malu ai ho tuʻasila ʻimeili fakataimi. Fakaʻuhingaʻi ʻa e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni ʻo e fetongitongi ʻo fakapapauʻi pe ko hai te ne lava ʻo sio ki he ngaahi fakaʻilonga, pea fakamatala ʻa e founga ki hono fakataʻeʻaongaʻi ʻo e hu ki ai ʻo ka hoko ha palopalema.
Talangofua mo e Tauhi ʻo e Fakamatala ki he Fakamatala ʻo e Sivi
Naʻa mo e kau fakaʻaongaʻi synthetic ʻe lava ke nau to ʻi he malumalu ʻo e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni totonu fakafoʻituitui mo talangofua kapau te ke tuifio fakatuʻupake ʻa e fakamatala moʻoni. ʻOku tokoni ʻa e ngaahi matapa nounou ki hono tauhi ʻo e puha ʻi he puha melino: ʻoku pulia ʻa e ngaahi popoaki hili ha taimi pau, ʻa ia ʻoku fenapasi lelei ia mo e tefitoʻi moʻoni ʻo e fakasiʻisiʻi ʻo e fakamatala.
Hiki ha tuʻutuʻuni maʻamaʻa ʻoku ne fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ai ʻa e ʻimeili ʻi he CI/CD, ko e ha ʻa e fakamatala ʻoku tauhi ʻi feituʻu, mo e loloa ʻo hono tauhi. ʻOku faingofua ange heni ʻa e fetalanoaʻaki mo e ngaahi timi maluʻi, fakatuʻutamaki, mo e talangofua.
Fua mo Fakatonutonu ʻa e Sivi ʻo e ʻImeili
Ke tauhi ʻa e ngaahi sivi ʻimeili ke falalaʻanga ʻi ha taimi loloa, ʻoku fie maʻu ke ke fakatokangaʻi ʻa e taimi ʻoku ʻave ai, ngaahi founga ʻo e taʻelavameʻa, mo e ʻulungaanga ʻo e tokotaha ʻoku ʻoatu ʻa e koloa.
Muimuiʻi ʻa e Taimi ʻo e ʻAve ʻo e OTP mo e Ola Lelei
Tanaki atu ha ngaahi meʻafua faingofua ke lekooti ʻa e loloa ʻo e tatali ʻa e sivi ʻimeili takitaha ki ha OTP pe fehokotakiʻanga fakapapauʻi. ʻE ʻalu pe taimi mo hoʻo fakatokangaʻi ha tufaki: ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi popoaki ʻoku vave ʻene aʻu, ka ʻoku loloa ange ʻa e niʻihi pe ʻikai pe ʻasi mai. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he ngaahi fakamatala ʻoku nau ako ʻa e fakamatala ki he founga ʻoku fakaleleiʻi ai ʻe he fetongitongi ʻa e tuʻunga falalaʻanga ʻo e OTP ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻoku hoko ai ʻeni mo e founga ʻe lava ai ʻe he ngaahi domain ʻo fakatokalelei ʻa e ngaahi palopalema ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he ngaahi meʻa sivi ʻoku fuʻu fie maʻ
Ngaahi ʻa maluʻi ʻi he taimi ʻoku maumau ai ʻa e tafe mai ʻa e ʻimeili
Tomuʻa fakapapauʻi ʻa e taimi ʻoku totonu ke maumau ai ʻa e pipeline kotoa ʻi ha ʻimeili ʻoku pulia pea mo e taimi ʻoku ke saiʻia ai ke ʻikai ola lelei. ʻOku faʻa fie maʻu ʻe he faʻu ʻo e ʻakauni mahuʻinga pe hu ki he ʻakauni ʻa e ngaahi taʻelavameʻa faingataʻa, lolotonga ia ʻe lava ke fakaʻata ʻa e ngaahi fanongonongo fika ua ke ʻikai ola lelei taʻe taʻofi ʻa e deployment. ʻOku taʻofi ʻe he ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni mahino ʻa e kau ʻenisinia mei haʻanau mateʻi ʻi he taimi ʻoku teke ai.
Iterating ʻi he Ngaahi Kautaha Tokoni, Domains, mo e Ngaahi Sipinga
ʻOku liliu ʻa e ʻulungaanga ʻo e ʻimeili ʻi he ʻalu ʻa e taimi ʻi he fakalakalaka ʻa e ngaahi Fokotuʻu ha fanga kiʻi fakamatala iiki ki hoʻo founga ngaue ʻaki hono vakaiʻi ʻo e ngaahi fetoʻaki, fakahoko ʻa e ngaahi sivi fakafehoanaki ki he ngaahi tafaʻaki kehekehe, pea fakaleleiʻi hoʻo ngaahi sipinga. ʻE lava ke ueʻi fakalaumalie ʻe he ngaahi meʻa fakatotolo hange ko e ngaahi sipinga taʻeʻamanekina ʻo e meili fakataimi ʻoku ʻikai faʻa fakakaukau ki ai ʻa e kau developers.
FAQ
ʻOku tokoni ʻa e ngaahi tali nounou ko ʻeni ki hoʻo timi ke fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi puha meili ʻi he CI/CD ʻo ʻikai toe fai ʻa e ngaahi fakamatala tatau ʻi he toe vakaiʻi kotoa pe ʻo e fokotuʻutuʻu.
ʻE lava nai ke u toe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e puha meʻa tatau ʻi he ngaahi lele lahi ʻa e CI/CD?
Te ke lava, ka ʻoku totonu ke ke fakakaukauʻi ia. ʻOku sai pe hono toe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo ha tuʻasila fakataimi ʻi he vaʻa pe ʻatakai ki he ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻikai mahuʻinga, kehe pe ke mahino ki he tokotaha kotoa pe ʻoku kei ʻi ai pe ʻa e ngaahi ʻimeili motuʻa. Ki he ngaahi tuʻunga fakatuʻutamaki hange ko e authentication mo e billing, saiʻia ange ʻi ha puha meʻa ʻe taha ʻi he lele koeʻuhi ke fakamavahevaheʻi ʻa e fakamatala ʻo e sivi pea faingofua ange ke fakaʻuhingaʻi.
ʻE anga fefe haʻaku taʻofi ʻa e ngaahi kouti OTP mei hono leak ki he CI/CD logs?
Tauhi ʻa e ngaue ʻa e OTP ʻi loto ʻi he kouti ʻo e sivi pea ʻoua naʻa teitei paaki ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga ʻulungaanga mahuʻ Lekooti ʻa e ngaahi meʻa naʻe hoko hange ko e "maʻu ʻa e OTP" pe "fakaava ʻa e fehokotakiʻanga fakapapauʻi" kae ʻikai ko e ngaahi fakapulipuli moʻoni. Fakapapauʻi ʻoku ʻikai fokotuʻutuʻu hoʻo ngaahi laipeli mo e debug mode ke dump ʻa e ngaahi sino ʻo e kole pe tali ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi fakaʻilonga pelepelengesi.
ʻOku malu ke tauhi ʻa e ngaahi token ʻo e puha ʻi he CI variables?
ʻIo, kapau te ke tauhi kinautolu ʻo hange ha ngaahi fakapulipuli kehe ʻi he faʻufaʻu. Fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻikai fakapulipuli pe ko ha pule fakapulipuli, fakangatangata ʻa e hu ki ai, pea fakaʻehiʻehi mei hono fakaongo mai kinautolu ʻi he script. Kapau ʻe ʻasi ha token, vilo ia ʻo hange ko ia ʻoku ke fai ki ha faʻahinga ki kuo maumauʻi.
Ko e ha e meʻa ʻe hoko kapau ʻe ʻosi e taimi ʻo e puha hu fakataimi kimuʻa pea ʻosi ʻeku ngaahi sivi?
Kapau ʻoku tuai hoʻo ngaahi sivi, ʻoku ʻi ai haʻo fili ʻe ua: fakanounouʻi ʻa e fokotuʻutuʻu pe fili ha puha meili ʻe lava ke toe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻoku tolonga loloa ange. Ki he ngaahi timi lahi, ko e ʻuluaki ngaue lelei ange ʻa hono fakamaʻamaʻa ʻo e founga ngaue ʻo e sivi mo fakapapauʻi ʻoku lele vave ʻa e ngaahi sitepu ʻimeili.
Ko e puha meʻa ʻe fiha ʻoku totonu ke u faʻu ki he ngaahi feituʻu sivi tatau?
Ko ha tuʻutuʻuni faingofua ko e puha meʻa ʻe taha ki he tokotaha ngaue tatau ki he fokotuʻutuʻu tefito takitaha. ʻI he founga ko ia, te ke fakaʻehiʻehi ai mei he fepaki mo e ngaahi popoaki taʻemahino ʻi he taimi ʻoku fakahoko ai ha ngaahi sivi lahi ʻi he taimi pe taha. Kapau ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi fakangatangata fefeka ʻa e kautaha ʻoku nau maʻu, te ke lava ʻo fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e fika ʻi he fakamole ʻo ha ʻuhinga parsing ʻoku kiʻi faingataʻa ange.
ʻOku fakasiʻisiʻi nai ʻe hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi tuʻasila ʻimeili fakataimi ʻi he CI/CD ʻa e malava ke ʻave ʻa e ʻimeili pe fakatupu ʻa e poloka?
ʻE lava, tautautefito kapau te ke ʻave ha ngaahi popoaki sivi tatau mei he IP mo e domain tatau. ʻOku tokoni hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi kautaha ʻoku nau tokangaʻi lelei ʻa e ongoongo ʻo e domain mo vilo fakapotopoto ʻa e ngaahi hingoa hostnames. ʻI he taimi ʻoku veiveiua ai, fakahoko ha ngaahi ʻahiʻahi ʻoku puleʻi pea siofi ʻa e lahi ange ʻo e bounce pe toloi.
ʻE lava nai ke u fakahoko ha ngaahi sivi ʻimeili taʻe ʻi ai ha Temp Mail API fakapuleʻanga?
ʻIo. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi kautaha lahi ʻa e ngaahi ngataʻanga faingofua ʻo e uepisaiti ʻe lava ke ui ʻe hoʻo kouti sivi ʻo hange pe ko ha API. ʻI he ngaahi meʻa kehe, ʻe lava ʻe ha kiʻi ngaue siʻisiʻi ʻi loto ʻo fakafehokotaki ʻa e vahaʻa ʻo e kautaha mo hoʻo pipelines, ʻo cache mo fakahaaʻi pe ʻa e metadata ʻoku fie maʻu ʻe hoʻo ngaahi sivi.
ʻOku totonu nai ke u fakaʻaongaʻi ha ʻimeili ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ki he ngaahi fakamatala hange ko e production pe ko e kau fakaʻaongaʻi pe ʻo e sivi synthetic?
Fakangatangata ʻa e ngaahi puha meʻa ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ki he kau fakaʻaongaʻi synthetic naʻe faʻu pe ki he ngaahi taumuʻa siviʻi. ʻOku totonu ke fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he ngaahi ʻakauni ngaohiʻanga koloa, fakamatala moʻoni ʻa e kasitomaa, mo ha faʻahinga fakamatala pe ʻoku fekauʻaki mo e paʻanga pe talangofua ki he ngaahi tuʻasila ʻimeili taimi loloa.
ʻE founga fefe haʻaku fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ʻimeili ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he pipelines ki ha timi maluʻi pe talangofua?
Fokotuʻutuʻu ia ko ha founga ke fakasiʻisiʻi ai ʻa e ʻasi ʻo e ngaahi tuʻasila ʻimeili mo e PII kuo fakapapauʻi lolotonga hono siviʻi. Vahevahe ʻa e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni mahino fekauʻaki mo hono pukepuke, ʻakau, mo hono puleʻi fakapulipuli, pea mo e ngaahi fakamatala fakapepa ʻoku ne fakamatalaʻi ʻa e faʻunga hu mai ʻoku ke fakaʻaongaʻi.
Ko e fe taimi ʻoku totonu ke u fili ai ha puha meili fakataimi ʻoku toe fakaʻaongaʻi kae ʻikai ko ha puha meili tuʻo taha pe?
ʻOku ʻuhinga lelei ʻa e puha meili fakataimi ʻoku toe fakaʻaongaʻi ki he ngaahi ʻatakai QA ʻoku lele loloa, ngaahi polokalama kimuʻa ʻi hono faʻu, pe ngaahi sivi fakatotolo ʻi he tohi nima ʻoku ke fie maʻu ai ha tuʻasila tatau. Ko e fili hala kinautolu ki he ngaahi founga fakamoʻoni ʻoku tuʻu fakatuʻutamaki pe ngaahi ʻahiʻahi pelepelengesi ʻa ia ʻoku mahuʻinga ange ai ʻa e fakamavaheʻi fefeka ʻi he faingamalie.
Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Fakamatala mo e Laukonga Lahi Ange
ʻE lava ke toe vakaiʻi ʻe he ngaahi timi ʻa e fakamatala fakapepa ʻo e kautaha ʻimeili, fakahinohino ki he maluʻi ʻo e CI/CD platform, mo e ngaahi fakamatala fakaikiiki fekauʻaki mo hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e meili fakataimi ki hono fakapapauʻi ʻo e OTP, fetongitongi ʻo e domain, mo e ngaahi ʻatakai QA/UAT.
Ko e meʻa mahuʻinga taha
ʻOku ʻikai ko ha meʻa faingofua pe ʻa e ʻimeili ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ki he ngaahi foomu fakamoʻoni ki ai. ʻI hono fakaʻaongaʻi fakalelei, ʻoku hoko ia ko ha konga langa malohi ʻi hoʻo pipelines CI/CD. ʻI hono faʻu ha ngaahi puha ʻimeili nounou, fakatahaʻi kinautolu mo e GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, mo e CircleCI, pea fakamalohiʻi ʻa e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni fefeka fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi fakapulipuli mo e log, te ke lava ʻo siviʻi ʻa e ngaahi feʻaveʻaki mahuʻinga ʻo e ʻimeili ʻo ʻikai fakakau ai ʻa e ngaahi puha totonu moʻoni ʻi he founga.
Kamata siʻisiʻi ʻaki ha fokotuʻutuʻu pe ʻe taha, fakafuofuaʻi ʻa e ngaahi sipinga ʻo e ʻoatu mo e taʻelavameʻa, pea fokotuʻutuʻu mamalie ha sipinga ʻoku feʻunga mo hoʻo timi. ʻI he ʻalu ʻa e taimi, ʻe falalaʻanga ange hoʻo pipelines, faingofua ange hoʻo ʻaotita, pea siʻisiʻi ange ʻa e ilifia hoʻo kau ʻenisinia ki he foʻi lea ko e "ʻimeili" ʻi he ngaahi palani sivi.
